Our goal is to reduce poverty and hunger by improving fisheries and aquaculture. The highest marine fisheries production was 87.7 million tons in 1996, while the global recorded production was 79.5 million tons in 2009. A number of policies, decrees, and acts have been put in place by successive Nigerian governments as a way of regulating the stocks of marine fisheries resources in the country. This involves building the earthen, tarpaulin or concrete pond, fertilizing the pond, stocking the fingerlings in quality water and feeding the Mackerel, Tilapia or catfish till market size. In buttressing their point, [31] noted that artisanal fisheries employ 18 times more fishermen than the industrial fisheries while supporting the welfare of over 100 million persons globally. According to FAO [1], the species composition is dominated by croakers (Pseudotolithus spp. Dumping of toxic waste in the sea and emptying of ballast water from ships into the sea are other human activities polluting the aquatic environment. WorldFish has a long history of working in Africa, including in nearby Ghana and Cameroon, to strengthen the continent’s aquaculture sector by conducting research and providing training. Fish is a great source of food and protein. Login to your personal dashboard for more detailed statistics on your publications. This can be grouped into offshore tuna fishery, coastal demersal fish fishery, and coastal shrimp fishery. Fish importation refers to the supply of fish to Nigeria from foreign countries in order to augment the locally produced fish in the country. Despite the several regulations put in place by the Federal Government, marine fisheries resources have not been optimally produced and utilized due to noncompliance with the regulations by fishermen. The next classification of fisheries is based on the type of environment or habitat where fish are reared or captured. Nigeria, with a population of about 165,000,000 people is grossly underprovided with an essential food component, which is protein. The minimum size of fish to be caught was also fixed at 3.00 cm. The interpretation of the contents of the act were explicitly stated in Section 12, whereas Section 13 repealed the 1961 Sea Fisheries (Lagos) Act, the 1965 Sea Fisheries Law, the 1967 Sea Fisheries (Motor Fishing Boats Licensing) Regulations, and the 1969 Sea Fisheries (Licensing) Regulations. There are about 104 marine fish species belonging to 50 families in Nigeria [45]. Available marine fisheries regulations should be enforced and violators of the regulations should be punished as stipulated in the regulations, while some of the provisions of the regulations such as mesh size, fish size, etc. According to Agbo [13], Nigeria spent over ₦125 billion per annum on importation of 1.90 million metric ton of fish in 2015. Based on sources, the fish supply to meet the increasing fish demands by Nigerians is from two major groups, which are the domestic production of fish and importation of fish. Section 1 of the decree provided that only dully registered and licensed motor fishing boats and reefer vessels are allowed to be navigated within the territorial waters of the country [53]. However, the vast majority of the fish supply in most cases comes from the artisanal sub-sector. This is a supplement of the Sea Fisheries Decree, which prohibits fishing in the Nigerian territorial waters. Importation has served as a major supply of fish in Nigeria providing more than half (56.0%) of fish supply [12]. The 1995 Sea Fisheries Regulations originated from the Sea Fisheries Decree No 71 of 1992 and contains in addition to the provisions of the Sea Fisheries Decree 1992 Fish Inspection and Quality Assurance as the main text concerning the control of fishery products [52]. Help us write another book on this subject and reach those readers. More than 80 percent of Nigeria’s total domestic production is generated by artisanal small-scale fishers from coastal, inshore, creeks of the Niger Delta, lagoons, inland rivers and lakes. Total fish production in Nigeria is estimated at about 30 percent of demand, thus scarce foreign exchange is devoted to the importation of large volumes of frozen fish (ThefishSite, 2009). This gap continues to grow on a daily basis as the world population increases. We adopted a desk review approach. Etim et al. It was promulgated under the Decree No 71 of 1992 Laws of the Federation of Nigeria and contains 17 sections. We concluded that the contribution of aquaculture to marine fisheries production has been low, compared to the marine capture fisheries production. The aquatic organisms that could be reared include fish, insects, bivalves and pearls, mollusks, crustaceans, and aquatic plants, while the controlled environments include ponds, cages, pens, and raceways [18]. Lastly, the low-lying nature of the Nigerian coast makes it susceptible to storm surges, coastal erosion, and inundation of the coastal mangrove and wetlands, which destroy rare and fragile habitats for marine fish breeding and nursery [61]. ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF FISH PRODUCTION . A number of constraints face the optimal production of marine fish from both the fishing and aquaculture fisheries. This development as described by experts could not ensure the sustainable supply of fish. According to Onyema [44], nine of the 36 federal states in Nigeria have a coastline with the Atlantic Ocean. By Mohammad Serajuddin, Farah Bano, Madhu Awasthi, Pragya Gupta and Graish Kumar, By Alberto Sánchez and José D. Carriquiry. The main gears used are gillnets, cast nets, hooks, beach seines, and various forms of traps in the estuaries. During this period, there were some programs aimed at increased fish production through input supply at subsidized rates, technology transfer, and revolving loan schemes among fishermen [48]. We are a community of more than 103,000 authors and editors from 3,291 institutions spanning 160 countries, including Nobel Prize winners and some of the world’s most-cited researchers. The domestic fish production from Aquaculture, Artisanal and Industrial fisheries for 2014 is 1.123m Mt. In 2013, the fisheries production increased to 167.2 million tons with marine fisheries contributing 108.2 million tons (64.7%). The demand for fish in Lagos is well over 400,000 metric tonnes and what we are producing as a State is roughly at about 174,000 metric tonnes so there is a huge deficit of about 226,000 metric tonnes. The creation of the EEZ also set into motion its own dynamic system leading to compliance and enforcement problems. It is noted that fishery is an important economic sector in terms of employment, food security, enterprise development, and foreign exchange earnings and also important in terms of the livelihoods of many rural people and nutrition. Nigeria is currently experiencing an uptick in fish feed production. Nigeria, which is currently the seventh largest country in terms of human population, has been projected to be the third largest country by year 2050 [63]. Processing and preservation . The coastal federal states of Nigeria are Ogun, Lagos, Ondo, Edo, Delta, Bayelsa, Rivers, Akwa Ibom, and Cross Rivers States, found in the southern part of the country. It is notable that fish provides more than 60.0% of the world’s supply of protein, especially in developing countries [1]. Government’s effort on the fisheries sector is however directed to the popularization and adoption of aquaculture, which is currently the fastest food industry globally at the neglect of the artisanal fishery. The millions of tons of polythene bags and other types of nonbiodegradable debris that have been washed by rain water into the aquatic environment constitute new threats to marine fisheries. By making research easy to access, and puts the academic needs of the researchers before the business interests of publishers. Examples of brackish water environments are estuaries, mangroves, and mouth of rivers, where sea water enters during high tide. This figure has since been on the increase such that [11] projected the fish demand as 2.055 million metric ton in 2015. It also contains the penalties (fines, imprisonment, or both) for contravening the provisions of this act. Fish farming means ‘raising fish commercially in tanks, ponds or other enclosures for the purpose of producing food’. Most of the companies are owned by Nigerians. Available from: Sediment Transport in Aquatic Environments, Status of marine fisheries production in Nigeria, Constraints to optimal marine fisheries production in Nigeria, Agricultural Media Resources and Extension Centre, Federal University of Agriculture, Nigeria, Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development, Federal University of Agriculture, Nigeria. Continue to catch fish and nonfish species [ 65 ] in Ghana fish. Placed on industrial vessels from competing with local fishers to 5 nautical miles of the fisheries sector individuals! Fishing boats fishers to 5 nautical miles seaward from the African Union Bureau. Output that comes from the onset fish makes up around 40 % the! 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