United States History. The next major development in the history of the Southern Colonies was The Carolinas. The southern colonies had many different religions, but were primarily Anglicans or Baptists. The Southern Colonies In contrast to New England and the middle colonies were the predominantly rural southern settlements: Virginia, Maryland, North and South Carolina, and Georgia. In contrast to New England and the middle colonies were the predominantly rural southern settlements: Virginia, Maryland, North and South Carolina, and Georgia. The War in the Southern Colonies. In the colonies south of the Mason Dixon line, a few wealthy, white landowners owned the bulk of the land, while the majority of the population was made up of poor farmers, indentured servants, and slaves. During the 1650s, English settlers set up a few unauthorized outposts on the swamp coast between Virginia and Spanish Florida. The first permanent English settlement was established in 1653 when emigrants from the Virginia Colony, New England, and Bermuda settled on the shores of Albemarle Sound in the northeastern corner of present-day North Carolina. The original laws of the colonies forced people to attend a kind of church and to also pay taxes that helped to pay for the churches. ... , adopted an aristocratic way of life and kept in touch as best they could with the world of culture overseas. Many who settled in New England had identified with the Roundheads -- those who fought against the monarchy and for Oliver Cromwell. Society and culture in colonial America (1565-1776) varied widely among ethnic and social groups, and from colony to colony, but was mostly centered around agriculture as it was the primary venture in most regions. By the late 17th century, Virginia's and Maryland's economic and social structure rested on the great planters and the yeoman farmers. The Culture of the Southern Colonies Geography and Living What Colonies were in the South? The middle colonies also had many different religions, which included Catholics, Jews and Quakers. Building a commercial enterprise out of the wilderness required labor and lots of it. These colonies differed greatly in religion, politics, and culture. The next major development in the history of the Southern Colonies was the Province of Carolina, originally chartered in 1629. For much of the 1600s, the American colonies operated as … While New England had small family farms, the southern colonies had large plantations that required slave labor. The colonists were not tolerant of non-Christian religion. Home > History > 13 Colonies Regions - Southern Colonies 13 Colonies Regions - Southern Colonies This page describes the land, economy, culture, and religions of the Southern Colonies An Economy Built on Slavery. British strategy in the War of American Independence shifted after France formally allied itself with the rebelling colonies in 1778. In the early days of America, many thinking people looked to the legacy of the English Civil War to explain these differences. History & Culture. The Southern Colonies. Religion Maryland Virginia North Carolina South Carolina Georgia Fertile soil, hilly coasts, forests, long rivers, and swamps Farming was very important and a way of life (plantations). The plantation system came to dominate the culture of the South, and it was rife with inequity from the time it was established. When Charles II was restored to the throne, he rewarded a few supporters with an official grant for the colony in 1663. Virginia Law in Virginia made it mandatory for Virginians to worship in the Anglican Church. North Carolina The colony of North Carolina was established with an Anglican religion by order of the royal charter. The Carolinas. 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